MySQL日期时间函数 ADDDATE() 用法
时间：2021-12-05 作者：匿名
MySQL 中的 DATE、DATETIME 和 TIMESTAMP 数据类型分别用于存储日期、日期和时间、时间戳值。时间戳是一个数值，记录了'1970年1月1日零时'到当前时间的毫秒数。
MYSQL ADDDATE()函数用于将指定的时间间隔添加到日期值，例如2021-12-05，加5天，ADDDATE函数就会返回2021-12-10。
语法
ADDDATE(date, INTERVAL expr unit);
参数说明
date是表示日期的值，它可以是 String、DATE（YEAR、MONTH 和 DAY）、DATETIME（HOURS、MINUTES 或 SECONDS）或 TIMESTAMP 类型。
expr是表示区间值的值。
unit是 expr 值表示的区间类型，可以是 DAY、WEEK、MONTH、QUARTER、YEAR、HOUR、MINUTE、SECOND、MICROSECOND。
还有一种写法是
ADDDATE(expr, days);
参数说明
expr - 是表示日期的表达式。
days - 是表示要添加到给定日期的天数的间隔。
示例
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-12-05', INTERVAL 10 DAY);
+-----------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-12-05', INTERVAL 10 DAY) |
+-----------------------------------------+
| 2021-12-15 |
+-----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)上面的示例用于给日期2021-12-05加上10天。
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-01-02', INTERVAL 4 YEAR);
+-----------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-01-02', INTERVAL 4 YEAR) |
+-----------------------------------------+
| 2025-01-02 |
+-----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)上面的示例给日期2021-01-02加上4年。
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-11-23 10:40:32', '13 6:4:1');
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-11-23 10:40:32.88558', '13 6:4:1') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 2021-12-06 10:40:32 |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)上面的示例给日期加上了13天又6小时4分1秒。
另一种语法的示例
以下示例演示了此函数的第二种语法，其中我们将要添加的天数作为间隔传递
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('1995-11-15', 554);
+----------------------------+
| ADDDATE('1995-11-15', 554) |
+----------------------------+
| 1997-05-22 |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('1995-11-15', 54);
+---------------------------+
| ADDDATE('1995-11-15', 54) |
+---------------------------+
| 1996-01-08 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('1995-11-15', 1154);
+-----------------------------+
| ADDDATE('1995-11-15', 1154) |
+-----------------------------+
| 1999-01-12 |
+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)我们也可以将负值作为参数传递给这个函数
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2015-09-05', INTERVAL -20 DAY);
+-----------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2015-09-05', INTERVAL -20 DAY) |
+-----------------------------------------+
| 2015-08-16 |
+-----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.10 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('1995-11-15', -554);
+-----------------------------+
| ADDDATE('1995-11-15', -554) |
+-----------------------------+
| 1994-05-10 |
+-----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)您还可以将列名作为参数传递给此函数。让我们使用 CREATE 语句在 MySQL 数据库中创建一个名为 MyPlayers 的表，如下所示 ：
mysql> CREATE TABLE MyPlayers( ID INT, First_Name VARCHAR(255), Last_Name VARCHAR(255), Date_Of_Birth date, Place_Of_Birth VARCHAR(255), Country VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY (ID) );
现在，我们将使用 INSERT 语句在 MyPlayers 表中插入 7 条记录 -
mysql> insert into MyPlayers values(1, 'Shikhar', 'Dhawan', DATE('1981-12-05'), 'Delhi', 'India');
mysql> insert into MyPlayers values(2, 'Jonathan', 'Trott', DATE('1981-04-22'), 'CapeTown', 'SouthAfrica');
mysql> insert into MyPlayers values(3, 'Kumara', 'Sangakkara', DATE('1977-10-27'), 'Matale', 'Srilanka');
mysql> insert into MyPlayers values(4, 'Virat', 'Kohli', DATE('1988-11-05'), 'Delhi', 'India');
mysql> insert into MyPlayers values(5, 'Rohit', 'Sharma', DATE('1987-04-30'), 'Nagpur', 'India');
mysql> insert into MyPlayers values(6, 'Ravindra', 'Jadeja', DATE('1988-12-06'), 'Nagpur', 'India');
mysql> insert into MyPlayers values(7, 'James', 'Anderson', DATE('1982-06-30'), 'Burnley', 'England');以下查询将 14 年添加到Date_Of_Birth列的实体-
mysql> SELECT First_Name, Last_Name, Date_Of_Birth, Country, ADDDATE(Date_Of_Birth, INTERVAL 14 YEAR) FROM MyPlayers; +------------+------------+---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------+ | First_Name | Last_Name | Date_Of_Birth | Country | ADDDATE(Date_Of_Birth, INTERVAL 14 YEAR) | +------------+------------+---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------+ | Shikhar | Dhawan | 1981-12-05 | India | 1995-12-05 | | Jonathan | Trott | 1981-04-22 | SouthAfrica | 1995-04-22 | | Kumara | Sangakkara | 1977-10-27 | Srilanka | 1991-10-27 | | Virat | Kohli | 1988-11-05 | India | 2002-11-05 | | Rohit | Sharma | 1987-04-30 | India | 2001-04-30 | | Ravindra | Jadeja | 1988-12-06 | India | 2002-12-06 | | James | Anderson | 1982-06-30 | England | 1996-06-30 | +------------+------------+---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
让我们使用 CREATE 语句在 MySQL 数据库中创建另一个名为 Sales 的表，如下所示：
mysql> CREATE TABLE sales( ID INT, ProductName VARCHAR(255), CustomerName VARCHAR(255), DispatchDate date, DispatchTime time, Price INT, Location VARCHAR(255) ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.22 sec)
现在，我们将使用 INSERT 语句在Sales表中插入 5 条记录：
insert into sales values (1, 'Key-Board', 'Raja', DATE('2019-09-01'), TIME('11:00:00'), 7000, 'Hyderabad');
insert into sales values (2, 'Earphones', 'Roja', DATE('2019-05-01'), TIME('11:00:00'), 2000, 'Vishakhapatnam');
insert into sales values (3, 'Mouse', 'Puja', DATE('2019-03-01'), TIME('10:59:59'), 3000, 'Vijayawada');
insert into sales values (4, 'Mobile', 'Vanaja', DATE('2019-03-01'), TIME('10:10:52'), 9000, 'Chennai');
insert into sales values (5, 'Headset', 'Jalaja', DATE('2019-04-06'), TIME('11:08:59'), 6000, 'Goa');以下查询将 225 天添加到DispatchDate列的实体：
mysql> SELECT ProductName, CustomerName, DispatchDate, Price, ADDDATE(DispatchDate, 225) FROM sales; +-------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------------------+ | ProductName | CustomerName | DispatchDate | Price | ADDDATE(DispatchDate, 225) | +-------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------------------+ | Key-Board | Raja | 2019-09-01 | 7000 | 2020-04-13 | | Earphones | Roja | 2019-05-01 | 2000 | 2019-12-12 | | Mouse | Puja | 2019-03-01 | 3000 | 2019-10-12 | | Mobile | Vanaja | 2019-03-01 | 9000 | 2019-10-12 | | Headset | Jalaja | 2019-04-06 | 6000 | 2019-11-17 | +-------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
假设我们使用以下查询创建了一个名为 dispatches_data 的表，其中有 5 条记录：
mysql> CREATE TABLE dispatches_data(
ProductName VARCHAR(255),
CustomerName VARCHAR(255),
DispatchTimeStamp timestamp,
Price INT,
Location VARCHAR(255)
);
insert into dispatches_data values('Key-Board', 'Raja', TIMESTAMP('2019-05-04', '15:02:45'), 7000, 'Hyderabad');
insert into dispatches_data values('Earphones', 'Roja', TIMESTAMP('2019-06-26', '14:13:12'), 2000, 'Vishakhapatnam');
insert into dispatches_data values('Mouse', 'Puja', TIMESTAMP('2019-12-07', '07:50:37'), 3000, 'Vijayawada');
insert into dispatches_data values('Mobile', 'Vanaja' , TIMESTAMP ('2018-03-21', '16:00:45'), 9000, 'Chennai');
insert into dispatches_data values('Headset', 'Jalaja' , TIMESTAMP('2018-12-30', '10:49:27'), 6000, 'Goa');以下查询将 365 天添加到DispatchTimeStamp列的日期：
mysql> SELECT ProductName, CustomerName, DispatchTimeStamp, Price, ADDDATE(DispatchTimeStamp, 365) FROM dispatches_data; +-------------+--------------+---------------------+-------+---------------------------------+ | ProductName | CustomerName | DispatchTimeStamp | Price | ADDDATE(DispatchTimeStamp, 365) | +-------------+--------------+---------------------+-------+---------------------------------+ | Key-Board | Raja | 2019-05-04 15:02:45 | 7000 | 2020-05-03 15:02:45 | | Earphones | Roja | 2019-06-26 14:13:12 | 2000 | 2020-06-25 14:13:12 | | Mouse | Puja | 2019-12-07 07:50:37 | 3000 | 2020-12-06 07:50:37 | | Mobile | Vanaja | 2018-03-21 16:00:45 | 9000 | 2019-03-21 16:00:45 | | Headset | Jalaja | 2018-12-30 10:49:27 | 6000 | 2019-12-30 10:49:27 | +-------------+--------------+---------------------+-------+---------------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以下示例演示了 ADDDATE() 函数中各种可用单位的用法：
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '5-6 ' YEAR_MONTH );
+----------------------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '5-6 ' YEAR_MONTH ) |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| 2026-09-22 |
+----------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '3' WEEK );
+-------------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '3' WEEK ) |
+-------------------------------------------+
| 2021-04-12 |
+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '3' QUARTER );
+----------------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '3' QUARTER ) |
+----------------------------------------------+
| 2021-12-22 |
+----------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '10:09.2362191' MINUTE_MICROSECOND);
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '10:09.2362191' MINUTE_MICROSECOND) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2021-03-22 00:10:11.362191 |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '10.2362191' SECOND_MICROSECOND);
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '10.2362191' SECOND_MICROSECOND) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2021-03-22 00:00:12.362191 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '10.21' MINUTE_SECOND);
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| ADDDATE('2021-03-22', INTERVAL '10.21' MINUTE_SECOND) |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
| 2021-03-22 00:10:21 |
+-------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
